Niharika Raghuwanshi
The New Education Policy which got the assent of the cabinet on 29th July 2020 which still require the confirmation from the parliament for becoming an act or for its enforcement came after 34 years of the previous policy and is one of the notable changes made which will take the old teaching methods in India to the another level and will act as an advantage for the students still learning the basics as they will come across both the hypothetical and theoretical methodologies which will help and are important to comprehend the genuine use or the knowledge gained in the school life, curricular and extracurricular exercises are given equivalent significance which will assist the child with building up his skills in the field he is really interested and also will promote the idea of preparing the kid for actual world he’s going to deal with in his life.
History of education policy in India.
On fifth April 1967 Indian government arranged parliamentary committee for looking into the proposals of Kothari Commission and for preparing the draft of National Education Policy, report of this was submitted in the parliament and after a significant stretch of conversation on 24th July 1968 on the proposals of Kothari commission when Indira Gandhi was the Prime Minister, First policy was presented in India named National Education Policy, 1968. After this Rajiv Gandhi government presented the draft of new policy named as National Policy of Education in 1986(NP e 1986) This was made in the need of auditing the past policy for which the Acharya Ramamurthi panel was set up in 1990 and After the report of this committee where different suggestions were given including Education for equity, future in India, encouraging techniques followed, and so forth was submitted.
Starting step for the New Education Policy 2020 was taken in 2014’s when it was included in the BJP manifesto, For which in 2015 a panel was established under the chairmanship of TSR Subramaniam comprising of 5 individuals with the goal to inspect significant changes which are required in the current strategy for the advancement just as to improve the quality of education. In 2016 another panel was made under the chairmanship of Dr. K. Kasturirangan comprising of 9 individuals which drafted this New Education Policy which with the tons of notable changes was affirmed by the government on 29th July 2020 with a lot of legitimate steps for the advancement of the country, After 34 years this angle is thought of and great changes are made for the development of the country.
Reasons for the formation of new education policy
The percentage of students enrolling themselves in the higher education in India is only 25% as rest of them because poverty or many such reasons are not able to complete it which is making our country very backward in the race of higher education.
The new education policy was needed to encourage the systematic development of mind covering both the theoretical aspects and the practical aspects by stopping the concept of mugging up and promoting analyzation and to implementation, as always a person is judged on the basis of his mental strength of making right decisions and understanding things.
In the current framework (10+2) in the pattern followed where choice of stream is very narrow as seen over the most recent two years of study which isn’t that adaptable which ultimately results in selecting subjects which they really don’t have their enthusiasm for, in light of the fact that this is the standards or the pattern which is followed and can’t be changed just the choice is to choose among them.
Also the ways of teaching are now very outdated, new methods are definitely needed for the enthusiasm and the manner is to be enforced in which learning can become more attractive and interesting which can help in contributing towards society.
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What are the changes made in the new education Policy?
Name of Ministry of Human Resource Development is changed to Ministry of education.
Government has decide to increase the investment in the Gross Domestic Product in education from 3% to at least 6% as well the increase in the Gross Enrollment Ratio by 50% by 2035, which will help the education sector to get more money to develop.
This Policy gives equivalent significance to the curricular and the extracurricular activities which will help the students in building up their skills in the field they finds suitable for them.
Changes made at the school level are obvious as the entire structure of study (10+2) which was followed till date is changed over into the structure of (5+3+3+4) where beginning 5 years are called as the preliminary stage for the age gathering of 3-8 years where Nursery+kg+1st+2nd classes are clubbed so as to focus upon the understanding of the language of so that a student can comprehend things effectively and learn them by the methods for playing and movement based learning thoughts, The subsequent stage begins from the age gathering of 8-11 years and here 3rd+4th+5th classes are clubbed where the essential spotlight will be on the improvement of nuts and bolts and basics.
Third Phase is named as the Middle Stage which can likewise be called as the extraordinary one as all the subjects will be introduced to him be it financial matters, Accounts, Botany, Political science, history, Mathematics, Arts, Chemistry, Physics and so on everything, the innovative thought behind doing this is to make the study this profitable so that a child can easily comprehend the fundamentals of each subject and can undoubtedly think about the zone he loves the most. in the next step 6th,7th and eighth classes are incorporated and the age gathering of 11-14 years, additionally this stage will add Coding as a subject for the advancement of the specialized parts of brain and 10 days intern courses for encountering the practicability of the subjects.
The last Stage or the Secondary stage is profoundly structured through the methodology of multidisciplinary where the significant long periods of study 9th+10th+11th+12th are kept where there is freedom of choosing the subjects is given in which the child is interested by and can club either curricular or extracurricular subjects as to make the child a little professional in the field he’s going to make his career in.
Examinations will be structured in such a way so that less of rote learning, less of remembrance is required and a greater amount of reasonable reasoning and understanding will work. This approach focuses upon teaching in mother; home or neighborhood language till fifth standard which won’t monopolies English language however will be given as an alternative to learn.
Changes made at the College level are extremely fulfilling as the multiple entry and exit program is declared where any student studying in college can drop out at any time, even after studying for 0ne year and one can choose some other degree along with the credits of the earlier year spent and can likewise add it to the next degree.
Additionally changes for teachers are included in this new approach as educators are considered as spine of the training framework and guru is said to be the person who can give a legitimate shape to student’s mind,4 years B.Ed degree is also included after twelfth standard which will be starting from 2030 where currently 2yrs B.Ed course will be continued till 2030 and (TET) teachers eligibility test presently takes place at various levels , will be at each level be it preliminary, center, optional with better test material and substance.
Conclusion
This can be counted in the very good steps taken by the government for the development of the country but as of now this new draft is just on papers which unlike the other things will take a lot of time in implementing or taking its shape in India. As we are somewhere very used to the current policy and have made and grown in the same manner till now so it will take some time to start with the new methods and to develop the students mind in a different way with different techniques.
Also great level of attention and the formation of new and interactive methods of teaching are needed. Fulfillment of such requirements are expected from our teaches who have seen this time and will teach the students of the coming time, when the new policy will be enforced.
It is very important to implement it in the same manner as it is drafted to cover all the aspects for the development of the education sector in our country.
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